It’s fairly well known that patronymic surnames ending in -son are English, pre-fixed with Mac or Mc are Scottish and with O are Irish. The Welsh often just used ‘s’ at the end and in Cornwall, which used fixed surnames later than the rest of England, they used just the father’s name with no prefixes or suffixes at all.

Interestingly too, some Welsh names took the prefix ‘ap’, meaning ‘son of’, but over time the ‘a’ was lost, so ap Rhys became Price, ap Richard became Pritchard and so on.